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23 mai 2012

"Dürer à ses débuts" @ The Germanisches Nationalmuseum

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Albrecht Dürer, Madone Haller, 1496/97 (Washington, National Gallery of Art, Kress Collection, Inv. 1952.2.16.a)

NUREMBERG.- Pour la première fois, une grande exposition est exclusivement consacrée aux débuts de Dürer, aux premières décennies de sa vie et de son oeuvre. Elle montre ainsi que ce fils d’orfèvre est un artiste déjà admiré de son vivant dans toute l’Europe. Faisant revivre Dürer parmi les artisans et les humanistes de son temps, elle replace l’artiste dans son cadre professionnel et familial. Ville natale de Dürer, Nuremberg offre au visiteur des perspectives radicalement nouvelles sur le parcours de l’artiste, Par la contemplation de ses oeuvres, la découverte du « laboratoire Dürer » qui dévoile les coulisses de la recherche, l’espace d’activités dédié aux enfants « A.D. : tout sur Dürer », ou encore des visites guidées dans le quartier de Dürer, autour de la Burgstrasse.

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Albrecht Dürer, Autoportrait à 13 ans, 1484 (Vienne, Albertina, Inv. 4839)

Des prêts en provenance du monde entier à Nuremberg

L’exposition rassemble plus de 200 oeuvres en provenance des plus importants musées internationaux. De nombreuses oeuvres sont exposées ensemble pour la première fois et dressent un tableau du climat artistique à Nuremberg autour de 1500. En effet, Nuremberg est alors un centre important de l’avant-garde artistique en Europe et aucune autre ville en Allemagne ne peut donc offrir au jeune et ambitieux artiste de meilleures conditions de travail. Dans le quartier de Dürer, on peut alors trouver les éditeurs les plus importants, les humanistes les plus distingués, ainsi que la plus grande bibliothèque privée de l’époque dans les pays germanophones.

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Albrecht Dürer, L’adoration des rois mages, vers 1504 (Florence, Galleria degli Uffizi, Inv. 1890.1434

Dürer En quête d’un art nouveau

Quatre sections retracent le parcours artistique de Dürer, débutant avec sa biographie pour aboutir à la question de son rôle en tant qu’archétype de l’artiste moderne. Dürer s’est habilement mis en scène, profitant d’un incomparable réseau de relations comme artiste, entrepreneur ou théoricien. En termes de narration et de composition, Dürer a réalisé des oeuvres d’une importance majeure qui ont exercé une influence immédiate sur ses contemporains. Dans sa recherche d’extrême perfection, Dürer sonde les frontières de l’art, essayant de déterminer les critères d’excellence d’un art exemplaire.

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Albrecht Dürer, Adam et Eve, 1504 (Nuremberg, Germanisches Nationalmuseum, Inv. St.N 2067 ; prêt des Musées de la ville de Nuremberg°

 

NUREMBERG.- The Germanisches Nationalmuseum is presenting the early work of the most famous German artist. 51 lenders from 12 countries sent 120 of Dürer’s most important works to Nuremberg.

Since 2009 an international research team at the Germanisches Nationalmuseum has occupied itself with the early works of Albrecht Dürer, displaying its results starting 24 May. The exhibition is not prompted by biographical key dates or jubilees but by the conclusion of the research project and its exciting answers to the questions asked at the start: why and how did Dürer, in his hometown Nuremberg, become one of the greatest artists in Europe? What defined the circumstances and surroundings of his early development? As Prof. Dr. G. Ulrich Großmann, director-general of the Germanisches Nationalmuseum, expressed with joy and gratification: “When I suggested a Dürer project seven years ago, I knew indeed that new research was urgently needed but I had no idea how much new material and how many new insights into the work of the most famous artist in the German-language region would in fact emerge”.

Four exhibition sections on just under 900 square meters invite you to discover 200 top-class loans from twelve countries as well as the collections of the Germanisches Nationalmuseum. The thematic spectrum ranges from “The Self and its New Media”, “Copying and Making New”, “Powerful Art: Dürer as a Dramatist” to “What is Art?”.

The exhibition spans Dürer’s creative period until 1505 when he set off on his second Venetian journey. The oldest work is from 1484 – Self-Portrait from the Albertina in Vienna – and the latest from 1504 – Adoration of the Magi from the Uffizi in Florence. The most outstanding works from Dürer’s early years are here brought together: his selfportraits and portraits of his family and friends, his ambitious nature studies and dramatic narratives, recorded in freely executed drawings and sumptuous panel paintings. Dürer may be experienced as painter and draughtsman as well as designer for craftwork and glass painting in a unique way.

Visitors will familiarize themselves with the social milieu in which Dürer grew up through, among others, the portraits of his neighbours and companions in the exhibition and through an interactive wall installation of the Burgstraße in the so-called 250 square meter Dürer Laboratory. The project co-ordinator, Dr. Thomas Eser, characterises the Burgstraße as a “concentration of superlatives of economic and intellectual history. It is here where Dürer settled as an effectively start-up entrepreneur, built his own, new painter’s workshop and acquired his future patrons, including among his neighbours”.

In the 15th century Nuremberg was an economic and cultural centre, including artistically. “The city was home to Hans Pleydenwurff, the most important painter of his time. Ultimately, it was in the workshop of his successor that Dürer grew up. These local impulses stand side by side with those of the Italian Renaissance”. This is how Dr. Daniel Hess, Head of the Research and Exhibition Project “The Early Dürer”, describes the unrivalled city of Nuremberg at the time of Dürer.

The exhibition not only shows Dürer in his artistic and social surroundings, but the visitor is able to look over the master’s shoulder, so to speak, while he paints. With the help of infrared photographs the designs underneath the paint layer are made visible, revealing the artist’s struggle with pictorial demands and working processes.

Families with children age 6 and above can play the role of researchers: in the Action Room “AD: Alles Dürer” of the Education Centre of the museums in Nuremberg, Dürer comes to life as a child, an adolescent, apprentice and student, a seeker and businessman. 

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Albrecht Dürer, Construction d’une tête idéale, vers 1500 (Londres, British Library, Mss Add Sloane 5230, 10v)

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