Jean-Baptiste Siméon Chardin, A Vase of Flowers, early 1760s. Oil On Canvas, 45.20 x 37.10 cm. National Galleries of Scotland. Purchased with the aid of the Cowan Smith Bequest Fund 1937 NG 1883

Virginia - The first major American exhibition to explore French floral still-life painting in the 19th century, Van Gogh, Manet, and Matisse: The Art of the Flower, will be on view in Richmond March 21 – June 21, 2015.

Co-curated by Dr. Mitchell Merling, Virginia Museum of Fine Arts’ Paul Mellon Curator and Head of European Art, and Dr. Heather MacDonald, Dallas Museum of Art’s Lillian and James H. Clark Associate Curator of European Art, The Art of the Flower provides a thorough reassessment of floral still life painting, a genre that previously has been underexplored. The exhibition will feature masterpieces from international public and private collections—such as the National Gallery of Art, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and the J. Paul Getty Museum in the United States, as well as the Musée du Louvre, the Musée d’Orsay, and Musée des Beaux-Arts, Lyon in France—and includes three works from VMFA’s permanent collection, including a recently acquired van Gogh, Daisies, Arles from the collection of Mr. and Mrs. Paul Mellon. The diverse range of featured paintings highlights the commitment of artists to the floral still life, and underscores the active exchange of ideas, styles, and modes among artists throughout this time. The exhibition developed from strong partnerships fostered by the French Regional and American Museum Exchange (FRAME).

“We are excited to announce this landmark exhibition at the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts,” Director Alex Nyerges said. “The exploration of the French floral still life features works from numerous international museums and complements our outstanding European art collection. This collaboration brings new scholarship to a genre that deserves this level of focus.”

The Art of the Flower traces the development of the floral still life from the late 18th century through the early 20th century, emphasizing the tremendous depth and scope of creative engagement with the genre throughout this era. The exhibition will feature 65 paintings by more than 30 artists, including renowned figures such as Paul Cézanne, Gustave Courbet, Eugène Delacroix, Vincent van Gogh, Henri Matisse, and Edouard Manet, along with less familiar but equally accomplished contemporaries such as Gérard van Spaendonck, Adèle Riché, and Simon Saint-Jean. The Art of the Flower positions floral paintings within a broader art historical and cultural narrative and reveals how the traditional genre was reinvented through artistic experimentation in the 19th and early 20th centuries.

The exhibition explores the ways in which artists working in floral still life incorporated and responded to evolutions in approaches to both the arts and sciences, and provides a sense of discovery in the variety of artistic purposes and achievements in this genre. The Art of the Flower features landmark developments in the genre across nearly two centuries, and is organized chronologically. Topic areas include:

18th -Century Paintings—The introductory section of the exhibition explores the foundations for the formal experiments of the 19th century, and includes works by early masters such as Anne Vallayer-Coster and Pierre-Joseph Redouté.

Anne Vallayer-Coster, Bouquet of Flowers in a Blue Porcelain Vase, 1776. Oil On Canvas, 48 1/4 x 44 1/2. Dallas Museum of Art Foundation for the Arts Collection, Mrs. John B. O'Hara Fund and gift of Michael L. Rosenberg.

The Lyon School—Lyon, a center for French luxury textile production, would serve as an important hub for the development of still-life painting. The section explores the relationships between academic flower painting, decorative applications of still life, and the demands of mass production in textiles. The section features works by seminal Lyonnais painters who responded to these trends, including Antoine Berjon and Simon Saint-Jean, whose success rose with the expanding economy of the region.

Antoine Berjon (French, 1754–1843), Bouquet of Lilies and Roses in a Basket on a Chiffonier, 1814, oil on canvas, 263/16 × 191/2 in. Musée du Louvre, Département des Peintures, Paris, RF 1974-10 © RMN-Grand Palais / Art Resource, NY

Early Impressionist Influences—This area examines the work of Eugène Delacroix and Gustave Courbet within the contemporary productions of artists in the Lyon school and the first stirrings of impressionist still lifes by Frédéric Bazille and Pierre-Auguste Renoir.

Gustave Courbet, Bouquet of Flowers in a Vase, 1862. Oil On Canvas, 39 1/2 x 28 7/8 in., 100.3 x 73.3 cm. J. Paul Getty Museum Digital image courtesy of the Getty's Open Content Program 85.PA.168.

Frédéric Bazille (French, 1841–1870), Flowers, 1868, oil on canvas, 513/16 × 383/16 in. Musée de Grenoble, MG 2911

Henri Fantin-Latour—This section includes a diverse selection of paintings by specialist Henri Fantin-Latour, exploring the influence of Jean Siméon Chardin’s oeuvre on his practice as well as the impact of still life paintings by his contemporaries.

Henri Fantin-Latour (French, 1836– 1904), The Engagement Still Life, 1869, oil on canvas, 1215/16 × 12 in. Musée de Grenoble, MG 2490

Impressionism—During the1870s and 1880s, artists began taking greater liberties with color, light and space. The exhibition features works by artists such as Camille Pissarro, Paul Cézanne and Pierre-Auguste Renoir, as well as the last flower paintings of Édouard Manet.

Paul Cézanne (French, 1839–1906) The Blue Vase, ca. 1889–90, oil on canvas, 24 × 1911/16 in. Musée d’Orsay, Paris, Bequest of Comte Isaac de Camondo, 1911, RF 1973 © RMN-Grand Palais / Art Resource, NY

Edouard Manet, Flowers in a Crystal Vase, c. 1882. Oil On Canvas, 12 7/8 x 9 5/8 in., 32.7 x 24.5 cm. National Gallery of Art, Ailsa Mellon Bruce Collection, 1970.17.37.

Édouard Manet (French, 1832–1883), Vase of White Lilacs and Roses, 1883, oil on canvas, 22 × 181/8 in. Dallas Museum of Art, The Wendy and Emery Reves Collection, 1985.R.34

Gustave Caillebotte (French, 1848–1894), Yellow Roses in a Vase, 1882, oil on canvas, 21 × 181/4 in. Dallas Museum of Art, The Eugene and Margaret McDermott Art Fund, Inc., in honor of Janet Kendall Forsythe, 2010.13.McD

Paul Gauguin (French, 1848–1903) Still Life with Peonies, 1884, oil on canvas, 231/2 × 283/4 in. National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., Collection of Mr. and Mrs. Paul Mellon, 1995.47.10

After Impressionism—The section examines the years between the end of the Impressionist movement and the close of the 19th century, with a particular emphasis on Vincent van Gogh’s deep interest in the genre and lasting impact on contemporaries.

Vincent Van Gogh (Dutch, 1853–1890) Vase with Carnations, summer 1886, oil on canvas, 181/8 × 143/4 in. Collection Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam, purchased with the generous support of the Vereniging van Hadendaagse Kunstaankopen, A2235

Vincent Van Gogh (Dutch, 1853–1890) Vase with Cornflowers and Poppies, 1887, oil on canvas, 311/2 × 263/8 in. Triton Collection Foundation.

Vincent Van Gogh (Dutch, 1853–1890) Vase of Flowers, summer 1890, oil on canvas, 169/16 × 117/16 in. Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam (Vincent van Gogh Foundation), S109V/1962.

Vincent Van Gogh (Dutch, 1853–1890) Bowl with Zinnias and Other Flowers, 1886, oil on canvas, 193/4 × 241/16 in. (50.2 × 61 cm) National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa, Purchased 1951, 5808

20th -Century Explorations—The exhibition concludes with the work of three artists who continued the floral still-life tradition into the 20th-century: Odilon Redon, Pierre Bonnard and Henri Matisse.

Henri Matisse (French, 1869–1954) Still Life: Bouquet and Compotier, 1924, oil on canvas, 291/4 × 361/2 in. Dallas Museum of Art, The Eugene and Margaret McDermott Art Fund, Inc., in honor of Dr. Bryan Williams, 2002.19.McD © 2014 Succession H. Matisse / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York.

Henri Matisse (French, 1869–1954) Still Life with Pascal’s “Pensées”, 1924, oil on canvas, 191/4 × 251/8 in. Minneapolis Institute of Arts, Gift of Ruth and Bruce Dayton, 2010.37 © 2014 Succession H. Matisse / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York.

VIRGINIA MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS. March 21 - June 21, 2015