Ewer with Phoenixes,  11th–12th century, Northern Song dynasty (960–1127). Stoneware with incised and carved decoration under celadon glaze (Yaozhou ware). H. 8 1/4 in. (21 cm); Diam. 6 in. (15.2 cm). Gift of Mrs. Samuel T. Peters, 1926, 26.292.73 © 2000–2016 The Metropolitan Museum of Art.

This unique ewer, with its added decoration of a small figure on the handle and its fanciful spout and legs, illustrates the interest in complicated forms found in the eleventh and twelfth centuries in north China. Although they are not listed among the official kilns of the Northern and Southern Song dynasties, historical sources indicate that Yaozhou wares were also produced for imperial use. 

In accordance with the prevailing taste of the Song dynasty, the shape and glaze of this fine vessel are the dominant qualities, taking precedence over ornamentation. This is one of the finest examples of a ceramic type known as northern celadon ware. The swelling body, the important but subtle glaze, and the complex design that covers the surface of this elegant ewer complement one another. The glaze, which derives its color from iron, collects in thicker pools, where more clay has been hollowed out to create the carved patterns, thus accenting the design. The ewer stands on three scowling-mask legs that terminate in paws. The handle is a serpent-leg dragon whose head forms the spout and is straddled by a diminutive rider.