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12 avril 2023

Four vases from a Northeastern Institution sold at Sotheby's New York, 22 March 2023

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Lot 511. fine and rare Ru-type lobed arrow vaseSeal mark and period of Qianlong (1736-1795). Height 22.1 cm. Lot Sold 965,200 USD (Estimate 200,000 - 300,000 USD). © Sotheby's 2023

the base with a six-character seal mark in underglaze blue.

Property from a Northeastern Institution.

Provenance: Collection of Francis X. Schoonmaker, acquired prior to 1887.
Collection of Job Male (1808-1891).

ExhibitedCatalogue of the Loan Collection of Paintings, and the Schoonmaker Collection of Porcelains and Cloisonné, at the Job Male Library, Art Gallery and Museum, part II, New Jersey, 1887, cat. no. 16. 

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 Lot 515. A rare celadon-glazed drum-shaped flower vase, Seal mark and period of Yongzheng (1723-1735). Height 17 cm. Lot Sold 152,400 USD (Estimate 50,000 - 70,000 USD). © Sotheby's 2023

the base with a six-character seal mark in underglaze blue.

Property from a Northeastern Institution.

ProvenanceCollection of Francis X. Schoonmaker, acquired prior to 1887.
Collection of Job Male (1808-1891).

Note: Celadon-glazed vessels of this type, with the top pierced with circular apertures, would have been used to hold either incense sticks or flowers. Only a small number of comparable Yongzheng period examples is known, including one in the Zhuyuetang Collection, illustrated in Shimmering Colours: Monochromes of the Yuan to Qing Periods, The Zhuyuetang Collection, Art Museum, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 2005, cat. no. 78; another from the collection of T.Y. Chao is included in the exhibition Ch'ing Porcelain from the Wah Kwong Collection, Art Museum, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 2005, cat. no. 18; and a third example was sold at Christie's Hong Kong, 31st March 1992, lot 574.  

The present form and design continued to be produced during the Qing dynasty, although in smaller sizes. Compare a 11.8cm high example from the Qianlong period, sold at Christie's New York, 17th September 2015, lot 2157; and a 6cm high Daoguang period example, sold in our Hong Kong rooms, 23rd May 1979, lot 637. Compare also a gilt-decorated Qianlong mark and period pair, sold in our Hong Kong rooms, 8th April 2011, lot 3081.

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Lot 516. An extremely rare carved gilt-decorated and celadon-glazed 'phoenix' vase, Seal mark and period of Qianlong (1736-1795). Height 18.4 cm. Lot Sold 158,750 USD (Estimate 40,000 - 60,000 USD). © Sotheby's 2023

the base with a six-character seal mark in underglaze blue.

Property from a Northeastern Institution.

Provenance: Collection of Francis X. Schoonmaker, acquired prior to 1887.
Collection of Job Male (1808-1891).

ExhibitedCatalogue of the Loan Collection of Paintings, and the Schoonmaker Collection of Porcelains and Cloisonné, at the Job Male Library, Art Gallery and Museum, part II, New Jersey, 1887, cat. no. 19. 

Note: This exquisite vase is rare for its creative virtuosity, combining a lavish surface decoration that was carved, glazed and then further enhanced with gilding. Whilst the technique of gilt-decorating porcelain is known from as early as the Yuan dynasty (see, for example, a stem cup in the Shanghai Museum, illustrated in Jessica Harrison Hall, Ming Ceramics in the British Museum, London, 2001, p. 54, pl. 3), it was only during the Qing dynasty that the decorative potential of gilding ceramics was fully exploited as a result of the introduction of European designs to the court by Jesuit missionaries. 

No other vase of this type appears to be recorded, however a similar design is found on a larger (32cm high) gilt-decorated carved celadon-glazed 'dragon' vase from the Qianlong period, sold in our Hong Kong rooms, 20th May 1987, lot 489. The technique is also seen on Qianlong period wall vases, including one with peony designs, in the Huaihaitang Collection, illustrated in Ethereal Elegance. Porcelain Vases of the Imperial Qing. The Huaihaitang Collection, Art Museum, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 2007, cat. no. 81, and another with archaistic motifs framing an imperial poem in Treasures in the Royalty. The Official Kiln Porcelain of the Chinese Qing Dynasty, Shanghai, 2003, pl. 314.

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Lot 517. A copper-red 'bats' cong-form vase, Seal mark and period of Qianlong (1736-1795). Height 23 cm. Lot Sold 254,000 USD (Estimate 80,000 - 120,000 USD). © Sotheby's 2023

the base with a six-character seal mark in underglaze blue.

Property from a Northeastern Institution.

Provenance: Collection of Francis X. Schoonmaker, acquired prior to 1887.
Collection of Job Male (1808-1891).

ExhibitedCatalogue of the Loan Collection of Paintings, and the Schoonmaker Collection of Porcelains and Cloisonné, at the Job Male Library, Art Gallery and Museum, part II, New Jersey, 1887, cat. no. 25.  

NoteThe form of the present vase, modeled after ritual jade cong, is more commonly found in monochrome glazes. The underglaze-red decoration, much favored during the early Ming dynasty but virtually abandoned after the Xuande period due to the very high failure rate during firing, was revived and mastered in the early Qing dynasty, around the 1670s in the Kangxi period. It became a standard practice although successful firing of the copper pigment remained particularly difficult hence wares decorated in this manner continued to be made in small quantities.

The form of the present vase, modeled after ritual jade cong, is more commonly found in monochrome glazes. The underglaze-red decoration, much favored during the early Ming dynasty but virtually abandoned after the Xuande period due to the very high failure rate during firing, was revived and mastered in the early Qing dynasty, around the 1670s in the Kangxi period. It became a standard practice although successful firing of the copper pigment remained particularly difficult hence wares decorated in this manner continued to be made in small quantities.

Only a small number of copper-red Qianlong vases of this type is known, including one from the W.W. Winkworth Collection, sold several times at auction, first in our London rooms, 12th December 1972, lot 103, then twice in our Hong Kong rooms, 23rd May 1978, lot 98 and 17th May 1988, lot 52. Another example sold in our London rooms, 12th December 1972, lot 103. A third example, although much smaller (12.4cm high) sold in our Hong Kong rooms, 29th November 1978, lot 279.

Sotheby's. Important Chinese Art, New York, 22 March 2023

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