Small Dragon Carpet, Transcaucasian, Ottoman period (1281–1924), late 18th century. Wool, 182.9 x 106.7 cm. Saint Louis Art Museum, 109:1929.

The oldest carpets from the Caucasus region, located between the Black and Caspian Seas, are known as “dragon” carpets. Although this example is a later and much simplified version, the basic elements of the dragon carpet are evident. Bold patterns of palmettes or flower motifs are typically enclosed in an inventive octagon and diamond lattice work, woven in vibrant colors. Stylized creatures, or dragons, fill the red areas around the lattice work. Although the creatures are not complete, the dragon forms in this carpet are visible in the characteristic cream color. Scholars believe that the dragon motif in these carpets can be traced to China, where it has auspicious associations with power and rulership. The motif was first adapted by Persian weavers, and then later by weavers in the Caucasus region, who transformed the dragon into the distinctly angular Caucasian form.